> Enrich.chat gives AI agents verified work emails and mobiles. To use it from an agent, read https://enrich.chat/agents.md . This is the Markdown version of https://enrich.chat/blog/firmographic-data/

# What is firmographic data? Definition, examples, and how it differs from technographic and intent data

Firmographics tell you which companies fit. Technographics show what they run, intent shows who is researching now, and role data shows who to contact. Here are all four, with industry codes, size bands, public sources and a worked ICP.

By Enrich.chat Editorial. Updated October 15, 2026.

**Short answer:** Firmographic data is the set of traits that describe a company, such as its industry, employee count, revenue, location, ownership and growth. It is the B2B version of demographics. Industry is usually coded with NAICS, which has [1,012 six-digit US industries](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/07/13/2026-14086/statistical-policy-directive-no-8-north-american-industry-classification-system-naics-request-for). Technographic data lists the software and hardware a company runs, and intent data shows who is researching now.

## Key takeaways

- Firmographic data describes a company: industry, size, revenue, location, ownership and growth. Technographic data lists the software and hardware it uses. Intent data shows active research. Role data describes the people.
- NAICS 2022 has 20 sectors and 1,012 six-digit US industries, per OMB's July 2026 Federal Register notice. The SEC still tags EDGAR filers with four-digit SIC codes.
- Size bands depend on the source. LinkedIn uses nine bands, the SBA sets a limit per NAICS code, and the EU calls a firm medium-sized only below 250 staff.
- Only filings give audited numbers. A US 10-K must state the number of employees, while small UK companies can keep their profit and loss account off the public record.
- Firmographics go stale too. The Census Bureau counted 534,947 US business applications in September 2026 alone.

## What is firmographic data?

Firmographic data is the set of traits that describe a company, such as its industry, size, revenue, location, ownership and growth. It does for companies what demographic data does for people. A firmographic record is usually keyed on the company's web domain or a registry number, so every contact at that company can share it.

Four kinds of B2B data come up again and again. Each answers a different question, and each fits in one sentence:

- **Firmographic data** describes what a company is: its industry, employee count, revenue, location, ownership and growth.
- **Technographic data** lists the software and hardware a company uses, such as its CRM, cloud host or payment provider.
- **Intent data** records signals that a company is actively researching a topic or a product category right now.
- **Demographic or role data** describes the people at a company: job title, seniority, department and location.

Firmographic and technographic data describe fit. Intent data describes timing, and role data tells you who to talk to. Industry is the most structured firmographic field. In the US it is usually coded with the [North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)](https://www.census.gov/naics/), the standard federal agencies use to classify business establishments. To see how these fields get added to your own records, read our guide to [what data enrichment is](https://enrich.chat/blog/what-is-data-enrichment/).

## What are examples of firmographic data?

Common firmographic fields are legal name, industry code, employee count, annual revenue, headquarters, ownership, lines of business and growth. The table fills each one in for a real public company, Knight-Swift Transportation, using only its SEC filings.

| Attribute | Knight-Swift example | Where it comes from |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Legal name | Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings Inc. | [EDGAR company record](https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=0001492691&type=10-K&dateb=&owner=include&count=40) |
| Industry code | SIC 4213, Trucking (No Local) | [EDGAR company record](https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=0001492691&type=10-K&dateb=&owner=include&count=40) |
| Employees | 37,100 full-time, as of December 31, 2025 | [Form 10-K for 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1492691/000149269126000016/knx-20251231.htm) |
| Annual revenue | $7.47 billion in 2025 | [Form 10-K for 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1492691/000149269126000016/knx-20251231.htm) |
| Growth | Revenue up 0.8% from $7.41 billion in 2024 | [Form 10-K for 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1492691/000149269126000016/knx-20251231.htm) |
| Headquarters | Phoenix, Arizona | [Form 10-K for 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1492691/000149269126000016/knx-20251231.htm) |
| Ownership | Public, listed on the New York Stock Exchange as KNX | [Form 10-K cover page](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1492691/000149269126000016/knx-20251231.htm) |
| Lines of business | Truckload, LTL, logistics and intermodal | [Form 10-K segments](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1492691/000149269126000016/knx-20251231.htm) |

Two details in that table show why firmographics need care. First, the headcount covers full-time employees only. In 2025 Knight-Swift's truckload segment also ran an average of 2,033 tractors owned by [independent contractors](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1492691/000149269126000016/knx-20251231.htm), and those drivers are not in the 37,100. Second, one company can span several industries. Truckload and less-than-truckload (LTL) carriers sit in different six-digit codes in [NAICS 2022](https://www.census.gov/naics/?input=484121&year=2022&details=484121): 484121 and 484122.

Private companies rarely publish audited numbers like these. Their firmographic records mix registry filings, the company's own statements and estimates. Ownership and growth come from other public records. [GLEIF's Level 2 data](https://www.gleif.org/en/lei-data/access-and-use-lei-data/level-2-data-who-owns-whom) shows each LEI holder's direct and ultimate accounting parent, which tells you if a company is a subsidiary. In the US, a company that sells securities under Regulation D must file a [Form D within 15 days](https://www.sec.gov/resources-small-businesses/exempt-offerings/filing-form-d-notice) of the first sale, so many funding rounds become public growth signals.

## What is technographic data?

Technographic data is a list of the software and hardware a company uses, such as its CRM, marketing automation, cloud host, payment provider and analytics tools. Firmographics tell you whether a company could buy. Technographics tell you whether your product fits the systems it already runs, or which rival product you would replace.

Most technographic data comes from public traces. A lookup tool loads the company's website and matches what it finds against known fingerprints. The open library [enthec/webappanalyzer](https://github.com/enthec/webappanalyzer) works this way: it inspects HTML code, JavaScript variables and response headers. Vendors that crawl the web also record dates. [BuiltWith's Domain API](https://api.builtwith.com/domain-api) returns a first-detected and last-detected date for each technology, and [Similarweb says](https://www.similarweb.com/technology/) it updates its technology data weekly.

Back-office systems such as ERP and HR software often leave no public trace, so a website scan cannot list them. Our [free tech stack lookup](https://enrich.chat/tools/tech-stack-lookup/) explains each detection method and its blind spots. The [companies using directory](https://enrich.chat/companies-using/) works the other way round and groups companies by the tools they run.

## What is the difference between firmographic, technographic and intent data?

Firmographic data tells you if an account fits, technographic data tells you how it works, and intent data tells you if it is looking now. Role data then tells you who to contact. The table compares the four types on the same five points.

|  | Firmographic | Technographic | Intent | Role (demographic) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Definition | Company traits: industry, size, revenue, location, ownership, growth | The software and hardware a company uses | Signals that a company is researching a topic now | Traits of a person: title, seniority, department, location |
| Examples | NAICS 484121, 420 employees, HQ in Dallas | Salesforce, HubSpot, AWS, Stripe | Topic surge, pricing page visits, G2 comparisons | VP Operations, VP level, operations department |
| Typical sources | SEC filings, company registries, company websites, vendor estimates | Website scans, DNS records, install databases | Your own site and ads, review sites, publisher co-ops | [Member-entered profiles](https://www.linkedin.com/help/lms/answer/a424655), company websites, your CRM |
| How fresh | A [10-K once a year](https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=0001492691&type=10-K&dateb=&owner=include&count=40); the UK registry file [monthly](https://download.companieshouse.gov.uk/en_output.html) | Crawls, some [weekly](https://www.similarweb.com/technology/), with first and last seen dates | Weeks: Bombora scores the [latest three weeks](https://bombora.com/intent/) against a 12-week baseline | Changes with every job move; LinkedIn counts take [up to 30 days](https://www.linkedin.com/help/linkedin/answer/a541828) to update |
| Best use | ICP, segmentation, territories, routing | Integration fit, displacement, personalization | Ranking accounts and timing outreach | Choosing who to contact and what to say |

**Figure 1: Four types of B2B data around one company record.** An illustrative company record for Acme Logistics, keyed on its domain, acmelogistics.com, sits in the center. Four cards connect to it. Firmographic data asks if the company fits, with NAICS 484121, 420 employees and an HQ in Dallas. Technographic data asks what it runs, with Salesforce, HubSpot and AWS. Intent data asks if it is looking now, with a topic surge, pricing page visits and G2 category views. Role data asks who to contact, with a VP of Operations, a director of IT and a seniority of VP.

*Illustrative example. Firmographic and technographic data describe the account, intent data describes its timing, and role data describes the people who work there. One domain links all four.*

### What is intent data?

Intent data is a record of research behavior that suggests a company is in the market. It comes in two broad kinds. First-party intent is behavior on your own website, emails and ads, such as repeat visits to your pricing page. Third-party intent is research seen on other sites. [G2 Buyer Intent](https://documentation.g2.com/docs/buyer-intent) fires when a company views your product profile, compares you with a competitor or browses alternatives in your category. [Bombora](https://bombora.com/intent/) tracks research across a co-op of B2B publisher and brand sites and spots a surge by comparing the latest three weeks with a 12-week baseline.

Intent data vs firmographic data comes down to fit versus timing. Firmographics change slowly and tell you who could buy. Intent changes week to week and tells you who to call first. Intent also arrives at the account level: G2's insights panel shows [company-level information](https://documentation.g2.com/docs/buyer-intent) such as headquarters and buying stage, not a named buyer. That is why it sits between the fit filters and the people search in an ICP.

### What is role data?

In B2B, demographic data usually means role data: a person's job title, seniority, department and location. LinkedIn, for example, maps each member's job title to a [seniority level and a job function](https://www.linkedin.com/help/lms/answer/a424655) with its own taxonomy. Role data changes every time someone changes jobs, so check it when you use it. The [people enrichment API](https://enrich.chat/api/person-enrichment/) returns title and seniority with a status on each contact field.

## How are companies classified by industry?

Companies are classified with codes from a standard industry system. In North America that is NAICS. The SEC still uses the older SIC codes, the UK and EU have their own systems, and investors use GICS. Each was built for a different job, so one company can carry a different code in each.

| System | Maintained by | Structure | Where you meet it |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| NAICS 2022 | US Office of Management and Budget, with Statistics Canada and Mexico's INEGI | 2 to 6 digits; 20 sectors and 1,012 US industries ([OMB](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/07/13/2026-14086/statistical-policy-directive-no-8-north-american-industry-classification-system-naics-request-for)) | US statistics, SBA size standards, B2B databases |
| SIC | Replaced by NAICS for federal statistics in 1997 ([Census Bureau](https://www.census.gov/naics/)) | 4 digits; 443 codes on the [SEC's list](https://www.sec.gov/search-filings/standard-industrial-classification-sic-code-list) | SEC EDGAR filings, older databases |
| UK SIC | Office for National Statistics | 5 digits; UK SIC 2007 and the new UK SIC 2026 ([ONS](https://www.ons.gov.uk/methodology/classificationsandstandards/ukstandardindustrialclassificationofeconomicactivities)) | Companies House filings |
| NACE Rev. 2.1 | Eurostat for the EU | Used for EU statistics from 2025 ([Eurostat](https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/nace)) | EU statistics |
| GICS | MSCI and S&P Dow Jones Indices | 4 tiers, from sectors to sub-industries; one code per company ([MSCI](https://www.msci.com/indexes/index-resources/gics)) | Stock indexes and investment research |
| LinkedIn industries | LinkedIn | Its own codes, with a published NAICS mapping ([LinkedIn](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/linkedin/shared/references/reference-tables/industry-codes-v2)) | LinkedIn pages and ad targeting |

### How does a NAICS code work?

A NAICS code gets more specific with each digit. [OMB's July 2026 Federal Register notice](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/07/13/2026-14086/statistical-policy-directive-no-8-north-american-industry-classification-system-naics-request-for) lists five levels: 2-digit sectors, 3-digit subsectors, 4-digit industry groups, 5-digit NAICS industries and 6-digit national industries. NAICS 2022 has 20 sectors, 96 subsectors, 308 industry groups, 689 five-digit industries and 1,012 US national industries. The five-digit level is, in most cases, the most detailed one the US, Canada and Mexico share.

**Figure 2: Anatomy of NAICS code 484121, and the closest codes in other systems.** NAICS 484121 read one level at a time: sector 48-49, Transportation and Warehousing; subsector 484, Truck Transportation; industry group 4841, General Freight Trucking; NAICS industry 48412, General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance; and US industry 484121, General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance, Truckload. Below, the closest codes in other systems: SIC 4213, Trucking (No Local), on SEC EDGAR; UK SIC 2007 code 49410, Freight transport by road; and LinkedIn industry 484, Truck Transportation, from LinkedIn's NAICS mapping.

*Each digit narrows the industry. The other systems do not map one to one: these are the closest codes by title, and LinkedIn's code comes from its NAICS 2017 mapping table. Sources: [Census Bureau NAICS](https://www.census.gov/naics/?input=484121&year=2022&details=484121), [SEC SIC list](https://www.sec.gov/search-filings/standard-industrial-classification-sic-code-list), [Companies House](https://resources.companieshouse.gov.uk/sic/) and [LinkedIn](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/linkedin/shared/references/reference-tables/industry-codes-v2-naics).*

Three rules matter when you use NAICS for targeting. NAICS classifies [establishments, meaning individual business locations](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/07/13/2026-14086/statistical-policy-directive-no-8-north-american-industry-classification-system-naics-request-for), not whole companies. The Census Bureau's [Statistics of US Businesses](https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/susb.html) reports firms and establishments separately for that reason. Next, a company can hold several codes: the [SBA says](https://www.sba.gov/federal-contracting/contracting-guide/size-standards) a business generally has a primary NAICS code, plus others if it sells several products or services. Last, NAICS is [reviewed every five years](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/07/13/2026-14086/statistical-policy-directive-no-8-north-american-industry-classification-system-naics-request-for), and the 2027 update proposed in July 2026 would apply to data for periods from January 1, 2027.

### Why do SIC codes still matter?

NAICS replaced SIC for federal statistics in 1997, according to the [Census Bureau](https://www.census.gov/naics/), but the SEC never switched. The SEC uses the SIC code in a company's EDGAR filings to show its type of business and to decide which SEC office reviews its filings, per its [SIC code list](https://www.sec.gov/search-filings/standard-industrial-classification-sic-code-list). We counted 443 codes on that list on October 15, 2026. So a public company's EDGAR record gives you a four-digit SIC code, not a NAICS code. Knight-Swift's record lists SIC 4213, which the [SIC manual](https://www.osha.gov/sic-manual/4213) describes as over-the-road trucking outside a single metro area.

### How do data vendors map industry codes?

Most data vendors keep their own industry list and map it to NAICS or SIC. LinkedIn is a clear public example. Its [industry codes](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/linkedin/shared/references/reference-tables/industry-codes-v2) are LinkedIn's own, and LinkedIn says they should not be confused with NAICS codes. It also publishes a [table that maps NAICS codes to its industries](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/linkedin/shared/references/reference-tables/industry-codes-v2-naics). In that table, NAICS 484121 rolls up into LinkedIn's broader Truck Transportation industry, and the table uses NAICS 2017 codes.

Code versions matter more than most teams expect. Software publishers were [511210 in NAICS 2017](https://www.census.gov/naics/?input=511210&year=2017&details=511210) and are [513210 in NAICS 2022](https://www.census.gov/naics/?input=513210&year=2022&details=513210), so a filter on one version misses records coded in the other. UK records have the same gap. The ONS completed [UK SIC 2026](https://www.ons.gov.uk/methodology/classificationsandstandards/ukstandardindustrialclassificationofeconomicactivities) in April 2026, but the [Companies House filing list](https://resources.companieshouse.gov.uk/sic/) still shows UK SIC 2007 codes, such as 49410 for freight transport by road. When you store an industry, store the code, the system and the version, not just a label.

## How is company size measured?

Company size is measured by employee count, by revenue, or both, and every source draws the bands in a different place. A "small business" under the SBA can have hundreds of employees, while the EU calls a firm medium-sized only below 250 staff. Check which definition a field uses before you filter on it.

| Scheme | Bands or limits | Used for |
| --- | --- | --- |
| [LinkedIn company size](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/linkedin/shared/references/reference-tables/company-size-codes) | Self-employed, 1 to 10, 11 to 50, 51 to 200, 201 to 500, 501 to 1,000, 1,001 to 5,000, 5,001 to 10,000, and 10,001+ employees | LinkedIn pages, its API and ad targeting |
| [SBA size standards](https://www.sba.gov/federal-contracting/contracting-guide/size-standards) | A limit for each NAICS code. Most manufacturers with 500 employees or fewer qualify as small, and most other firms with average annual receipts under $7.5 million | US federal contracts set aside for small businesses |
| [SBA Office of Advocacy](https://advocacy.sba.gov/2026/02/03/frequently-asked-questions-about-small-business-2026/) | Fewer than 500 employees | US small business research |
| [EU SME definition](https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/smes/sme-fundamentals/sme-definition_en) | Micro under 10 staff, small under 50, medium under 250, plus a turnover or balance sheet ceiling (up to €50 million turnover for medium) | EU funding and support programs |
| [UK company size](https://www.gov.uk/annual-accounts/microentities-small-and-dormant-companies) | Small: any 2 of £15 million turnover or less, £7.5 million balance sheet or less, 50 employees or less. Micro: £1 million, £500,000 and 10 employees | What accounts a UK company must file |

Broad labels like "small business" barely narrow a list. Under the research definition, the [SBA's Office of Advocacy](https://advocacy.sba.gov/2026/02/03/frequently-asked-questions-about-small-business-2026/) counts 36,207,130 small businesses, 99.9 percent of all US businesses. The [European Commission](https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/smes/sme-fundamentals/sme-definition_en) puts SMEs at 99% of all businesses in the EU. Filter on employee bands instead, and write the band into the ICP.

### Where do headcount and revenue figures come from?

Headcount and revenue figures come from four places: public filings, company registries, profile networks and estimates. Only filings are audited, and they cover only public companies.

| Source | What it gives you | Watch for |
| --- | --- | --- |
| US public filings (SEC) | A 10-K must describe human capital, [including the number of persons employed](https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-17/chapter-II/part-229/subpart-229.100/section-229.101). Revenue comes from audited statements, also served as XBRL data | Annual, dated to the fiscal year end. Employees only, no contractors |
| UK registry (Companies House) | Name, status, incorporation date, accounts category and [up to four SIC codes](https://resources.companieshouse.gov.uk/toolsToHelp/pdf/freeDataProductDataset.pdf) in a free monthly file | Small companies can [leave out the profit and loss account](https://www.gov.uk/annual-accounts/microentities-small-and-dormant-companies), and micro-entities can file only a balance sheet |
| LinkedIn pages | Members who list the company as their employer, and a size band [entered by the page admin](https://www.linkedin.com/help/lms/answer/a424655) | Members can pick the wrong page, and LinkedIn says its [computed counts may differ](https://www.linkedin.com/help/linkedin/answer/a565340) from real ones |
| Vendor estimates | Modeled headcount and revenue ranges for private companies | Ask for the method and the as-of date |

For public companies, the [EDGAR APIs](https://www.sec.gov/search-filings/edgar-application-programming-interfaces) are free, need no API key and update in real time as filings arrive. The data is fresh, but the numbers inside a 10-K still describe the last fiscal year. For private companies, treat any revenue figure as an estimate unless it cites a filing. Even [LinkedIn's ad targeting](https://www.linkedin.com/help/lms/answer/a424655) describes its company revenue filter as estimated annual revenue.

## How do you use firmographic and technographic data?

Teams use firmographic and technographic data to define the ideal customer profile (ICP), split the market into segments, plan territories, score leads and personalize outreach. Intent and role data sharpen each step. The table shows which type does the work.

| Use | Firmographic | Technographic | Intent and role |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| ICP definition | Industry, size band, region | Tools you need, or a rival you replace | Buyer titles and seniority |
| Segmentation | Tiers by size or vertical | Groups by stack, such as Salesforce or HubSpot shops | Topics each segment researches |
| Territory planning | HQ country, state and size | Rarely needed | Buyer locations for field reps |
| Lead scoring | A fit score from size and industry | Points for integration fit | Points for recent research and senior titles |
| Personalization | Industry language and scale | A line about the tools they run | The reader's role and current focus |

- **ICP definition.** Write the ICP as filters, not adjectives. "Mid-market logistics" means nothing to a database. "NAICS 484, US, 200 to 1,000 employees" does.
- **Segmentation.** Split the ICP into tiers that get different treatment, such as a named-account tier for the largest firms and a self-serve tier for the smallest.
- **Territory planning.** Assign accounts by HQ country and state, then balance each rep's book by account count and size band. Use establishment locations, not only the HQ, for field sales.
- **Lead scoring.** Keep a fit score, built from firmographic and technographic fields, apart from an engagement score built from intent. A perfect-fit account with no activity needs a different play from an active account that does not fit.
- **Personalization.** Use one specific detail per message: the stack they run, their scale, or a new location. Firmographics also route inbound leads, as the [HubSpot data enrichment](https://enrich.chat/integrations/hubspot/) guide shows.

## How do you build an ICP from firmographic and technographic filters?

Write the ICP as a stack of filters from broadest to narrowest: firmographic first, then technographic, then intent, then people. Each layer works only on the accounts left by the layer above. Here is a worked example for a company that sells a dispatch add-on for Salesforce and HubSpot to US trucking firms.

```
ICP: US trucking firms ready for a CRM-connected dispatch tool
1. Firmographic   industry = truck transportation (NAICS 484)
                  country = US, employees = 200 to 1,000
2. Technographic  tech stack includes Salesforce or HubSpot
3. Intent         pricing page visits or a topic surge, last 30 days
4. People         VP or director of operations, verified work email
```

**Figure 3: An ICP built as four layered filters.** Four bars that get shorter from top to bottom, each a filter on the one above. One, firmographic: US trucking, 200 to 1,000 employees, run with the Enrich.chat search endpoint and its industry and size filters. Two, technographic: runs Salesforce or HubSpot, checked with the company tech endpoint. Three, intent: pricing page visits or a topic surge, from your own signals or an intent vendor. Four, people: a VP or director of operations, found with the company people and person endpoints. The result is a list of named buyers with verified emails.

*Each layer filters the accounts left by the one above. Orange dots mark the layers an agent can run with Enrich.chat endpoints from [agents.md](https://enrich.chat/agents.md). The intent layer comes from your own analytics or an intent vendor.*

### What do the Enrich.chat calls look like?

An AI agent can run layers 1, 2 and 4 with four Enrich.chat endpoints listed in [agents.md](https://enrich.chat/agents.md). Layer 3 comes from your own analytics or an intent vendor, such as G2 or Bombora. Every call is a plain GET request to `https://enrich.chat`, like these:

```
GET /v1/search?q=US%20trucking%20companies&employees_min=200&employees_max=1000
GET /v1/company/tech?domain=acmelogistics.com
GET /v1/company/people?domain=acmelogistics.com&title=operations
GET /v1/person?linkedin_url=linkedin.com/in/jane-doe-ops&fields=email
```

1. **Search.** `/v1/search` takes a plain English description plus filters such as industry, country, seniority and employee range. Each result has a name, title, company and LinkedIn URL.
2. **Check the stack.** For each company in the results, `/v1/company/tech` returns the technologies found on its domain, each with a category. Keep the companies that run Salesforce or HubSpot.
3. **Rank by intent.** Sort the kept accounts with your own signals, such as pricing page visits.
4. **Find the buyer.** `/v1/company/people` finds the operations lead at each account, and `/v1/person` returns a work email marked verified, catch_all or unknown.

Credits are spent only on matches. Checking the tech stack of 300 companies uses 1,500 credits, and 100 verified work emails use 1,000. Together that is 2,500 credits, which fits the Growth plan at $29 a month. A lookup with `found` false uses 0 credits, and each response shows `credits_used`. Each IP address also gets 10 free lookups a day with no signup. See [Enrich.chat pricing](https://enrich.chat/pricing/) for mobiles and every plan, and the guide to [Enrich.chat for AI agents](https://enrich.chat/agents/) for setup.

```text
Use www.enrich.chat to find US trucking companies with 200 to 1,000 employees, check each company's tech stack and keep the ones that use Salesforce or HubSpot, then find the VP or director of operations at each one with a verified work email.
```

To try the same idea without code, describe your ICP to the free [AI lead list builder](https://enrich.chat/tools/lead-list-builder/). For more agent workflows, read [AI lead generation in 2026](https://enrich.chat/blog/ai-lead-generation/).

## How accurate is firmographic data?

Firmographic data is only as accurate as its source and its date. Filed numbers are exact but dated. Registry data is current but thin. Estimates are fresh but modeled. Five problems cause most errors.

- **Estimates shown as facts.** Revenue for private companies is usually modeled. [LinkedIn's ad targeting](https://www.linkedin.com/help/lms/answer/a424655) describes both its company revenue and company size filters as estimates. Treat a revenue range as a guess unless it cites a filing.
- **Self-reported sizes.** On LinkedIn, the page admin picks the size band, and the employee list comes from members who [add the company to their profile](https://www.linkedin.com/help/linkedin/answer/a541828). A member can pick the wrong page, and the count can take up to 30 days to update.
- **Dated filings.** A 10-K headcount is dated to the fiscal year end and published weeks later. Knight-Swift's count as of December 31, 2025 appeared in a 10-K [filed on February 19, 2026](https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=0001492691&type=10-K&dateb=&owner=include&count=40).
- **Records that disagree.** Even two SEC records can differ. Knight-Swift's [EDGAR company page](https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=0001492691&type=10-K&dateb=&owner=include&count=40) lists a business address on South 75th Avenue in Phoenix, while the cover of its [2025 10-K](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1492691/000149269126000016/knx-20251231.htm) gives its executive offices on West Wahalla Lane.
- **Constant churn.** Companies start, merge and rename every month. The Census Bureau counted [534,947 US business applications](https://www.census.gov/econ/bfs/current/index.html) in September 2026 alone, seasonally adjusted. Knight-Swift itself filed as Swift Transportation until 2017, per its [EDGAR record](https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=0001492691&type=10-K&dateb=&owner=include&count=40).

Three habits keep firmographic data usable. Store the source and an as-of date next to every field. Prefer filings and registries over estimates when a decision depends on the number. And verify the people layer at the moment you use it: Enrich.chat returns a status with each work email and flags catch-all domains, but a stale contact can still slip into a sequence, so check again right before you send. When one source leaves gaps, our guide to [waterfall enrichment](https://enrich.chat/blog/waterfall-enrichment/) explains how to combine several, and the list of [best B2B data providers](https://enrich.chat/blog/best-b2b-data-providers/) compares vendors that sell firmographics at scale.

## Frequently asked questions

### What are 5 examples of firmographic data?

Five common examples are industry, employee count, annual revenue, headquarters location and ownership. For Knight-Swift Transportation, those are SIC code 4213 (Trucking, No Local), 37,100 full-time employees, $7.47 billion in 2025 revenue, Phoenix, Arizona, and a public listing on the NYSE, all from its [2025 Form 10-K](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1492691/000149269126000016/knx-20251231.htm). Growth signals such as revenue change, funding rounds and new locations are often added as a sixth group.

### What is the difference between firmographic and demographic data?

Demographic data describes people, and firmographic data describes companies. In B2B, demographic data usually means role data: a person's job title, seniority, department and location. Firmographic data covers the company that person works for: its industry, size, revenue, location and ownership. You need both, because a good-fit company still needs the right person. [LinkedIn's ad targeting](https://www.linkedin.com/help/lms/answer/a424655) keeps them apart too, with company filters for size and industry and job filters for seniority and function.

### Is firmographic data personal data under GDPR?

Mostly not. The UK regulator says [information about companies is not personal data](https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/uk-gdpr-guidance-and-resources/personal-information-what-is-it/what-is-personal-information-a-guide/). The same ICO guidance adds that information about sole traders, partners, company directors and employees can be personal data when it identifies them as individuals. So a company's headcount and industry are usually outside the GDPR, but a one-person firm's record, or the contacts you attach to a company, may not be. This is general information, not legal advice.

### Where can I get firmographic data for free?

Public registries are the best free sources. The SEC's [EDGAR APIs](https://www.sec.gov/search-filings/edgar-application-programming-interfaces) serve filings and financial data for public companies with no API key. [Companies House](https://download.companieshouse.gov.uk/en_output.html) publishes a free monthly snapshot of every live UK company, with up to four SIC codes each. [GLEIF](https://www.gleif.org/en/lei-data/access-and-use-lei-data/level-2-data-who-owns-whom) shows parent companies for entities with an LEI. Enrich.chat gives each IP address 10 free API lookups a day, including company profiles.

### How often does firmographic data change?

Some fields change every month, others once a year. Public companies file a 10-K once a year, and the headcount in it is dated to the fiscal year end. Companies House refreshes its free data snapshot [within 5 working days of each month end](https://download.companieshouse.gov.uk/en_output.html). LinkedIn says associated member counts can take [up to 30 days to update](https://www.linkedin.com/help/linkedin/answer/a541828). New companies appear constantly: the Census Bureau counted [534,947 US business applications](https://www.census.gov/econ/bfs/current/index.html) in September 2026.

### What is firmographic segmentation?

Firmographic segmentation splits a market into groups of companies that share traits such as industry, size band, region or ownership. A software vendor might build three tiers: enterprise accounts above 1,000 employees, mid-market accounts from 200 to 1,000, and small businesses below 200, each with its own pricing, sales motion and message. Use bands from one stated source, because a small business under the [SBA's rules](https://www.sba.gov/federal-contracting/contracting-guide/size-standards) can be far larger than a small company under the EU or UK definitions.

## Sources

1. [Statistical Policy Directive No. 8: NAICS, Request for Comments on Proposed Updates for 2027](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2026/07/13/2026-14086/statistical-policy-directive-no-8-north-american-industry-classification-system-naics-request-for)
2. [North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)](https://www.census.gov/naics/)
3. [2022 NAICS 484121: General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance, Truckload](https://www.census.gov/naics/?input=484121&year=2022&details=484121)
4. [2022 NAICS 513210: Software Publishers](https://www.census.gov/naics/?input=513210&year=2022&details=513210)
5. [2017 NAICS 511210: Software Publishers](https://www.census.gov/naics/?input=511210&year=2017&details=511210)
6. [Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Code List](https://www.sec.gov/search-filings/standard-industrial-classification-sic-code-list)
7. [SIC Manual: 4213 Trucking, Except Local](https://www.osha.gov/sic-manual/4213)
8. [Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings Inc., EDGAR company filings](https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=0001492691&type=10-K&dateb=&owner=include&count=40)
9. [Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings Inc., Form 10-K for fiscal 2025](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1492691/000149269126000016/knx-20251231.htm)
10. [EDGAR Application Programming Interfaces](https://www.sec.gov/search-filings/edgar-application-programming-interfaces)
11. [17 CFR 229.101 (Item 101) Description of business](https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-17/chapter-II/part-229/subpart-229.100/section-229.101)
12. [Filing a Form D notice](https://www.sec.gov/resources-small-businesses/exempt-offerings/filing-form-d-notice)
13. [Industry Codes V2](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/linkedin/shared/references/reference-tables/industry-codes-v2)
14. [Industry Codes V2 to NAICS codes](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/linkedin/shared/references/reference-tables/industry-codes-v2-naics)
15. [Company Size Codes](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/linkedin/shared/references/reference-tables/company-size-codes)
16. [Targeting options for LinkedIn Ads](https://www.linkedin.com/help/lms/answer/a424655)
17. [Employees associated with a LinkedIn Page](https://www.linkedin.com/help/linkedin/answer/a541828)
18. [Premium Insights on LinkedIn Pages](https://www.linkedin.com/help/linkedin/answer/a565340)
19. [Nature of business: Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes](https://resources.companieshouse.gov.uk/sic/)
20. [Free Company Data Product](https://download.companieshouse.gov.uk/en_output.html)
21. [Free Company Data Product: data fields](https://resources.companieshouse.gov.uk/toolsToHelp/pdf/freeDataProductDataset.pdf)
22. [Prepare annual accounts for a private limited company: micro-entities, small and dormant companies](https://www.gov.uk/annual-accounts/microentities-small-and-dormant-companies)
23. [UK Standard Industrial Classification of Economic Activities](https://www.ons.gov.uk/methodology/classificationsandstandards/ukstandardindustrialclassificationofeconomicactivities)
24. [NACE: Statistical classification of economic activities](https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/nace)
25. [SME definition](https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/smes/sme-fundamentals/sme-definition_en)
26. [The Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS)](https://www.msci.com/indexes/index-resources/gics)
27. [Size standards for federal contracting](https://www.sba.gov/federal-contracting/contracting-guide/size-standards)
28. [Frequently Asked Questions About Small Business 2026](https://advocacy.sba.gov/2026/02/03/frequently-asked-questions-about-small-business-2026/)
29. [Business Formation Statistics, September 2026](https://www.census.gov/econ/bfs/current/index.html)
30. [Statistics of U.S. Businesses (SUSB)](https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/susb.html)
31. [Level 2 data: who owns whom](https://www.gleif.org/en/lei-data/access-and-use-lei-data/level-2-data-who-owns-whom)
32. [webappanalyzer: open Wappalyzer-format technology fingerprints](https://github.com/enthec/webappanalyzer)
33. [BuiltWith Domain API documentation](https://api.builtwith.com/domain-api)
34. [Website technology lookup](https://www.similarweb.com/technology/)
35. [Buyer Intent documentation](https://documentation.g2.com/docs/buyer-intent)
36. [Company Surge intent data](https://bombora.com/intent/)
37. [What is personal information: a guide](https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/uk-gdpr-guidance-and-resources/personal-information-what-is-it/what-is-personal-information-a-guide/)

## Try this prompt

Build an ICP account list from your agent

```text
Use www.enrich.chat to find US trucking companies with 200 to 1,000 employees, check each company's tech stack and keep the ones that use Salesforce or HubSpot, then find the VP or director of operations at each one with a verified work email.
```

## Related

- [What is data enrichment?](https://enrich.chat/blog/what-is-data-enrichment/)
- [Tech stack lookup](https://enrich.chat/tools/tech-stack-lookup/)
- [AI lead list builder](https://enrich.chat/tools/lead-list-builder/)